In a presidential system, which example illustrates checks and balances?

• A. The president nominates all judges without confirmation.
• B. Congress can override a presidential veto.
• C. The president can unilaterally rewrite laws.
• D. The judiciary is banned from reviewing executive actions.

Answer: (B)

Checks and balances in a presidential system rely on each branch having ways to limit the others. A prime example is when the legislature can override a presidential veto: even if the president objects to a bill, enough lawmakers can pass it over the veto, ensuring the executive cannot unilaterally halt legislation. This creates a check on the executive and keeps lawmaking accountable to the legislature and, ultimately, to the voters.

Why the other scenarios don’t fit as checks and balances here: allowing the president to nominate all judges without confirmation concentrates judicial power in the executive and removes a key restraint; a president who can rewrite laws unilaterally bypasses the legislative process and erodes legislative oversight; and banning the judiciary from reviewing executive actions eliminates judicial review, removing a critical check on executive power.