What term describes the power of the courts to review acts for constitutionality?

• A. Original jurisdiction
• B. Strict construction
• C. Stare decisis
• D. Judicial review

Answer: (D)

Judicial review is the power of the courts to review acts for constitutionality. This means the judiciary can examine laws or executive actions and strike them down if they conflict with the Constitution, serving as a check on both the legislative and executive branches. The famous Marbury v. Madison decision established this authority in the United States, underscoring how courts safeguard constitutional limits and uphold the rule of law.

Original jurisdiction refers to where a case begins, not whether it is constitutional. Strict construction is about interpreting the Constitution narrowly, focusing on its text, not on evaluating laws for constitutionality. Stare decisis is the principle of following precedents, not the power to review legality against the Constitution.